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NEW QUESTION # 36
Which operating system is used in Ericsson Router 6000 products?
- A. ERS
- B. SE-OS
- C. ERS
- D. IPOS
- E. Junos
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
The operating system used in Ericsson Router 6000 products is ERS (Ericsson Router Software). ERS is based on IPOS (IP Operating System), which is a common operating system for Ericsson's IP portfolio. ERS provides advanced features and functionality for IP transport, such as MPLS, Segment Routing, QoS, IPSec, synchronization, SDN, and more. ERS also supports seamless integration with Ericsson Radio System and Ericsson Network Manager.
References: Router 6000 Series - Ericsson, Router 6675 Datasheet - Winncom
NEW QUESTION # 37
Which protocol would be used to bundle multiple Ethernet ports into a virtual link with an aggregated bandwidth?
- A. RSTP
- B. LACP
- C. ERP
- D. VRRP
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
The protocol that would be used to bundle multiple Ethernet ports into a virtual link with an aggregated bandwidth is LACP, which stands for Link Aggregation Control Protocol. LACP is a protocol that allows two or more devices to negotiate the formation of a link aggregation group (LAG), also known as an EtherChannel or a port channel. A LAG combines multiple physical links into one logical link that provides increased bandwidth, load balancing, and redundancy. LACP is defined in IEEE 802.3ad and 802.1AX standards12.
References: Link Aggregation Control Protocol - Wikipedia, What is "link aggregation" and how does it benefit your network? | PC Gamer
NEW QUESTION # 38
Review the exhibit.
In the exhibit, which action is performed by router R4?
- A. swap
- B. push
- C. pop
- D. PHP
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
In the exhibit, router R4 is performing a swap action. This means that router R4 is replacing the incoming label with a new label and forwarding the packet to the next hop along the LSP. In this case, router R4 receives a packet with label 20 from router R3 and swaps it with label 30 before sending it to router R5.
The exhibit shows an example of an MPLS network with four routers: R1, R2, R3, and R4. Router R1 is the ingress PE router and router R4 is the egress PE router. Router R2 and R3 are P routers. Router R1 assigns label 10 to the packet and sends it to router R2. Router R2 swaps label 10 with label 20 and sends it to router R3. Router R3 swaps label 20 with label 30 and sends it to router R4. Router R4 removes label 30 from the packet and forwards it based on its IP header or another label in the stack.
Therefore, the answer is D.
References: MPLS Label Switching | MPLS Operation | Push, Swap,Push IPCisco, A Complete Guide to Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) - G2, Multiprotocol Label Switching - Wikipedia
NEW QUESTION # 39
What is the CLI command to obtain the software version in Ericsson Router 6000 products?
- A. show version
- B. show sysstat
- C. show release
- D. show log
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
The CLI command to obtain the software version in Ericsson Router 6000 products is show version. This command displays information about the software release, the hardware model, the serial number, the uptime, and the boot image of the router. References: [ERICSSON SMARTEDGE 600 HARDWARE MANUAL Pdf Download | ManualsLib], Ericsson Router 6000 Series - Ericsson
NEW QUESTION # 40
Review the exhibit.
A service provider wants to connect the sites for two customers (indicated in red and green in the exhibit). The two customers are using the same IP ranges 192.168.0.0/16.
Referring to the exhibit, what should the service provider do to accomplish this task?
- A. Connect each customer to dedicated PEs.
- B. Use a separate OSPF instance for each customer.
- C. Implement L3VPN using the MP-BGP protocol.
- D. Use a unique AS number for each customer.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
Referring to the exhibit, the service provider should implement L3VPN using the MP-BGP protocol to connect the sites for two customers (indicated in red and green in theexhibit). L3VPN is a type of VPN that uses MPLS to provide IP connectivity between customer sites across a service provider network. L3VPN allows customers to use overlapping or identical IP addresses without causing conflicts or requiring NAT. L3VPN uses MP-BGP to exchange VPN routes between PE routers, which are routers that connect customer networks to the service provider network. MP-BGP is an extension of BGP that can carry multiple address families, such as VPNv4 or VPNv6, along with additional attributes, such as route distinguisher (RD) and route target (RT). RD is used to make customer routes unique within the service provider network, while RT is used to control which routes are imported or exported between different VPNs3 .
References: L3VPN - Layer 3 Virtual Private Networks - Mpirical, [Use of MP-BGP Extensions for IPv6 Interdomain Routing]
NEW QUESTION # 41
What is a reason for using VLANs in an IP network?
- A. to isolate hosts within the same IP subnet
- B. to implement virtual routing
- C. to enable MAC address learning on a router port
- D. to isolate hosts across multiple IP subnets
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
A reason for using VLANs in an IP network is to isolate hosts within the same IP subnet. VLANs (Virtual LANs) are logical grouping of devices in the same broadcast domain. VLANs are usually configured on switches by placing some interfaces into one broadcast domain and some interfaces into another. Each VLAN acts as a subgroup of the switch ports in an Ethernet LAN. VLANs allow network administrators to group hosts together even if the hosts are not directly connected to the same network switch. By using VLANs, hosts within the same IP subnet can be separated into different broadcast domains, which enhances security, reduces network congestion, and simplifies network management78.
References: 8 Different Types of VLANs in TCP/IP Networks, What is a VLAN? - Study-CCNA
NEW QUESTION # 42
What is the function of LSR from an LDP perspective?
- A. The LSR distributes labels of FEC to its LDP peers.
- B. The LSR distributes packets of FEC to its LDP peers.
- C. The LSR distributes labels of LDP to its FEC peers.
- D. The LSR distributes packets of LDP to its FEC peers.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
The function of LSR from an LDP perspective is to distribute labels of FEC to its LDP peers. LSR stands for Label Switching Router, which is a router that forwards packets based on labels rather than IP addresses in an MPLS network. LDP stands for Label Distribution Protocol, which is a protocol that distributes labels for MPLS forwarding along the shortest path calculated by an IGP. FEC stands for Forwarding Equivalence Class, which is a group of packets that are forwarded in the same manner by an LSR. An LSR uses LDP to advertise the label mappings for each FEC to its LDP peers, which are other LSRs that have established an LDP session with it12.
References: Ldp | Microsoft Learn, Label Distribution Protocol - Wikipedia
NEW QUESTION # 43
Review the exhibit.
Given the routing table shown in the exhibit, what is the next-hop to reach the host 192.168.1.129?
- A. 10.126.131.251
- B. 10.126.131.248
- C. 10.126.131.252
- D. 10.126.131.250
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
The next-hop to reach the host 192.168.1.129 is 10.126.131.250. This can be determined by looking at the routing table in the exhibit. The host 192.168.1.129 falls within the range of the network 192.168.1.64/26, which has a next-hop of 10.126.131.250. References: Ericsson IP Networking - IP Addressing, Software Installation and Upgrade Overview (Junos OS)
NEW QUESTION # 44
Which statement accurately defines an Autonomous System (AS)?
- A. An AS is a group of networks directly connected to each other that can distribute eBGP information using directly established links.
- B. An AS is a collection of IS-IS routes imported into BGP and presented in such a way that networks connected to the AS have a global overview of the network.
- C. An AS is a network that is capable of autonomously forwarding packets, regardless of direct or indirect connectivity to the Internet.
- D. An AS is a set of routers under a single administration, using an interior gateway protocol and common metrics to route packets within the AS.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
The statement that accurately defines an Autonomous System (AS) is that an AS is a set of routers under a single administration, using an interior gateway protocol and common metrics to route packets within the AS.
An AS is a logical grouping of networks that share a common routing policy and operate under a single administrative authority. An AS can be a single network or a collection of networks that are interconnected by routers. An AS uses an interior gateway protocol (IGP), such as OSPF or IS-IS, to exchange routing information within the AS. An IGP uses common metrics, such as hop count or bandwidth, to determine the best path to each destination within the AS. An AS also has a unique number assigned by IANA, called an AS number (ASN), which identifies the AS in interdomain routing .
References: [Autonomous system (Internet) - Wikipedia], [What Is an Autonomous System? - Cisco]
NEW QUESTION # 45
What is the correct abbreviation for the IP address: BFEA:DACA:0000:0000:9390:0000:0000:D91?
- A. BFEA:DACA::9390::D91
- B. BFEA:DACA::D91/6
- C. BFEA:DACA::9390:0:0:D91
- D. BFEA:DACA::9390:0:D91
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
The correct abbreviation for the IP address BFEA:DACA:0000:0000:9390:0000:0000:D91 is BFEA:DACA::9390:0:D91. IPv6 addresses are represented in hexadecimal notation, with eight 16-bit segments separated by colons. To simplify the address representation, IPv6 supports two types of abbreviations. The first abbreviation allows us to skip leading zeros within a segment, while the second abbreviation allows us to drop one or more consecutive segments that contain only zeros, using a double colon (::) instead. However, the double colon can be used only once in an address, to avoid ambiguity34.
References: IPv6 Address Types, Notation, and Structure Explained, IPv6 address - Wikipedia
NEW QUESTION # 46
Which route type is restricted in an OSPF stub area?
- A. Type 2
- B. Type 5
- C. Type 3
- D. Type 1
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
The route type that is restricted in an OSPF stub area is type 5. Type 5 LSAs are external LSAs that are generated by ASBRs to advertise routes from other routing domains or protocols into OSPF. Type 5 LSAs are flooded throughout the OSPF domain by default, except in stub areas. Stub areas are special OSPF areas that block type 5 LSAs from entering the area in order to reduce the size of the LSDB and the routing table. Stub areas only receive information about intra-area routes (type 1 and 2 LSAs), inter-area routes (type 3 LSAs), and a default route (type 3 LSA with destination 0.0.0.0/0) from the ABRs910.
References: Introduction to OSPF Stub Areas - NetworkLessons.com, What Are OSPF Areas and Virtual Links? - Cisco
NEW QUESTION # 47
IPv6 link-local addresses are designed to be used in which three situations? (Choose three.)
- A. addressing on a single link for purposes such as auto-address configuration
- B. for local IP communication on the IPv6 capable routers
- C. for neighbor discovery
- D. when routers are not present
- E. by routers to forward packets with link-local source addresses to other links
Answer: A,B,C
Explanation:
Explanation
IPv6 link-local addresses are designed to be used in three situations: for neighbor discovery, for local IP communication on the IPv6 capable routers, and for addressing on a single link for purposes such as auto-address configuration. Neighbor discovery is a protocol that allows IPv6 nodes to discover each other and learn their link-layer addresses on a local network. Neighbor discovery uses link-local addresses to send and receive messages such as router advertisements, router solicitations, neighbor advertisements, and neighbor solicitations34. Local IP communication on the IPv6 capable routers refers to the ability of routers to exchange routing information or management traffic using their link-local addresses as source and destination addresses. This reduces the need for global unicast addresses on router interfaces that are not reachable from outside the local network35. Addressing on a single link for purposes such as auto-address configuration refers to the use of link-local addresses to enable IPv6 nodes to obtain an address without manual configuration or a DHCP server. Link-local addresses can be automatically derived from the interface identifier in the modified EUI-64 format or randomly generated. Link-local addresses can also be used to test the connectivity of a link before obtaining a global unicast address36.
References: Understand the IPv6 Link-Local Address - Cisco, Link Local Address - GeeksforGeeks, IPv6 Address Types | Link-Local, Global Unicast, etc. IPCisco, MPLS Label Distribution Protocol Commands - Cisco
NEW QUESTION # 48
What does an LDP implicit null label cause?
- A. forwarding the packet unchanged
- B. swapping with a new label
- C. penultimate hop popping by a downstream router
- D. penultimate hop popping by an upstream router
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
An LDP implicit null label causes penultimate hop popping by a downstream router. LDP is a protocol that distributes labels for MPLS forwarding along the shortest path calculated by an IGP. An implicit null label is a special label value of 3 that indicates that the downstream router does not need a label to forward the packet to its destination. When an upstream router receives an implicit null label from a downstream router, it removes (or pops) the label from the packet before sending it to the downstream router. This process is called penultimate hop popping (PHP) and it reduces the load on the downstream router, which can forward the packet based on its IP header or another label in the stack59.
References: MPLS Label Distribution Protocol Commands - Cisco, Solved: Implicit null and Explicit null - Cisco Community
NEW QUESTION # 49
What is the subnet address for 10.57.126.156/29?
- A. 10.57.126.144
- B. 10.57.126.0
- C. 10.57.126.156
- D. 10.57.126.152
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
The subnet address for 10.57.126.156/29 is 10.57.126.152. To find the subnet address, we need to perform a bitwise AND operation between the IP address and the subnet mask. The subnet mask for /29 is
255.255.255.248, which in binary is 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111000. The IP address in binary is
00001010.00111001.01111110.10011100. The result of the AND operation is
00001010.00111001.01111110.10011000, which in decimal is10.57.126.152. References: Ericsson IP Networking - IP Addressing, Software Installation and Upgrade Overview (Junos OS)
NEW QUESTION # 50
Which statement is true about LDP?
- A. LDP and IGP both exchange their databases every 30 seconds.
- B. LDP relies on IGP for all routing-related decisions.
- C. LDP performs routing functions along with IGP.
- D. LDP and IGP both exchange their databases every 60 seconds.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
LDP relies on IGP for all routing-related decisions. LDP is a protocol that distributes labels in an MPLS environment, but it does not perform any routing functions. LDP uses the underlying routing information provided by an IGP, such as OSPF or IS-IS, to forward label packets. LDP and IGP do not exchange their databases at regular intervals, but rather use hello messages to maintain adjacencies and sessions. References: Ericsson IP Networking - Routing Protocols, Label Distribution Protocol - Wikipedia
NEW QUESTION # 51
What is the purpose of the RT attribute?
- A. to identify the destination VPN on the efress PE
- B. to request BGP neighbors to avoid routing through a private AS
- C. to indicate an MPLS LSP as the next hop routing target
- D. to prevent OSPF routing loops in an L3VPN environment
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
The purpose of the RT attribute is to identify the destination VPN on the egress PE. RT stands for route target, which is a BGP extended community attribute that is used in MPLS VPNs. RT is attached to VPN routes by the ingress PE router and is used to control the import and export of routes between different VPNs. The egress PE router uses the RT value to determine which VPN routes belong to which VPN customers and installs them in the appropriate VRF table56.
References: IP Routing: BGP Configuration Guide - BGP-RT and VPN ... - Cisco, <rt>: The Ruby Text element - MDN Web Docs
NEW QUESTION # 52
What network information is, without additional configuration, shared between two iBGP neighbors by default?
- A. IP address information from all directly connected interfaces
- B. BGP routes learned from eBGP neighbors
- C. IP address information of loopback interfaces
- D. BGP routes learned from an OSPF neighbor
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
iBGP works by exchanging routing information between two or more routers within an AS. Each router sends its own routing table to its neighbors, which contains information about the networks it knows and how they can be reached from that router. By default, iBGP neighbors only share BGP routes learned from eBGP neighbors, which are routers in different ASes. This is because iBGP assumes that all routers within an AS have consistent internal routing information provided by an IGP, such as OSPF or IS-IS. Therefore, iBGP neighbors do not need to share IP address information of loopbackinterfaces or directly connected interfaces, unless explicitly configured to do so by using commands such as neighbor update-source or network.
References: iBGP Ultimate Guide | How iBGP Is Different From eBGP, Ericsson IP Networking - Routing Protocols
NEW QUESTION # 53
What is a label-edged router (LER)?
- A. a P router
- B. a PE router
- C. a CE router
- D. a DR router
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
A label-edged router (LER) is a PE router. A PE router is a provider edge router, which is a router that connects an MPLS network to a customer network. A LER is a term used in MPLS to describe a router that resides at the ingress and egress points of an MPLS network, handling both labelled and unlabelled packets. A LER performs label operations such as adding, removing, or swapping labels on packets entering or leaving the MPLS network34.
References: What is Label Edge Router (LER)? - Definition from Techopedia, LER - Label Edge Router - Mpirical
NEW QUESTION # 54
Regarding the BGP decision algorithm, which two statements are correct? (Choose two.)
- A. A lower local-preference attribute will be favored over a higher local-preference attribute.
- B. The most important criteria is the administrative distance.
- C. A path cannot be considered if the next-hop is inaccessible.
- D. A higher local-preference attribute will be favored over a lower local-preference attribute.
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
Explanation
Regarding the BGP decision algorithm, two statements that are correct are:
A higher local-preference attribute will be favored over a lower local-preference attribute. The local-preference attribute is used by BGP routers within an AS to indicate their preference for an exit point from the AS. A higher value means a more preferred path. The local-preference attribute is exchanged only between iBGP peers and does not leave the AS boundary89.
A path cannot be considered if the next-hop is inaccessible. The next-hop attribute is used by BGP routers to determine where to forward packets for a given destination prefix. The next-hop attribute is usually set to the IP address of the eBGP neighbor that advertises the prefix. If there is no IGP route to reach the next-hop address, the path is marked as invalid and ignored by BGP1011.
The other two statements are incorrect because:
The most important criteria is not the administrative distance, but rather the weight attribute. The administrative distance is used by routers to choose between routes from different routing protocols, not within BGP. The weight attribute is a Cisco-specific attribute that is used by BGP routers to prefer one path over another within the same router. The weight attribute is local to the router and not advertised to any peers1213.
A lower local-preference attribute will not be favored over a higher local-preference attribute, as explained above.
References: BGP Best Path Selection Algorithm - Cisco, Understanding BGP Local Preference Attribute - NetworkLessons.com, BGP Next Hop Attribute Explained - NetworkLessons.com, BGP Next Hop Processing
- Cisco Press, BGP Weight Attribute Explained - NetworkLessons.com, Understanding BGP Weight Attribute
- Cisco Community
NEW QUESTION # 55
Within an IGP area, which two statements are correct? (Choose two.)
- A. Routers discard valid but inaccurate information from neighbors.
- B. Routers relay information delivered by neighbors.
- C. Routers summarize information they learn from neighbors.
- D. Routers advertise information about themselves.
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
Explanation
Within an IGP area, routers advertise information about themselves and relay information delivered by neighbors. This is how link-state routing protocols such as OSPF and IS-IS work. They flood information about the network topology to all routers in the same area or domain. That information is then used to build a complete network connectivity map and to calculate the shortest path to destinations. Routers do not summarize or discard information within an area, unless they are configured to do so by some filtering mechanism. References: Ericsson IP Networking - Routing Protocols, IP Routing: ISIS Configuration Guide - IS-IS Overview and Basic Configuration
NEW QUESTION # 56
In a company network, a host sends an Ethernet frame destined to the address FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF.
What will an Ethernet switch do with this frame?
- A. It will drop it.
- B. It will forward the frame to all ports.
- C. It will send the frame only to management port.
- D. It will forward the frame to only one port.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
An Ethernet switch will forward the frame to all ports when the destination address is FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF.
This is because this address is the broadcast MAC address, which means that the frame is intended for all devices on the same LAN segment. The switch does not need to look up its MAC address table to find a matching entry for this address, but simply floods the frame out of all ports except the one where it received the frame. This way, the frame reaches every device on the LAN segment, regardless of their MAC addresses. References: Ethernet - Wireshark, Broadcast MAC Address - omnisecu.com
NEW QUESTION # 57
Review the exhibit.
Referring to the exhibit, which two Ericsson routers support the 100GE interface? (Choose two.)
- A. Router 6672
- B. Router 6675
- C. Router 6273
- D. Router 6471
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
Explanation
Referring to the exhibit, the two Ericsson routers that support the 100GE interface are Router 6675 and Router
6672. The 100GE interface is a high-speed Ethernet interface that operates at 100 gigabits per second. The Ericsson Router 6000 series is a family ofrouters that provide IP transport for mobile and fixed networks. The Router 6675 is a 5G combined access and E-RAN switch with 100GE interfaces and 320Gb forwarding capacity. The Router 6672 is a high-capacity metro aggregation router with 100GE interfaces and 1.6Tb forwarding capacity12.
References: Router 6000 Series - Ericsson, New Ericsson Router 6000 series couples radio and IP transport for
5G future - Global Brands Magazine
NEW QUESTION # 58
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